Temporal Trends of Persistent Organic Pollutants across Africa after a Decade of MONET Passive Air Sampling

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Authors

WHITE Kevin Bradley KALINA Jiří SCHERINGER Martin PŘIBYLOVÁ Petra KUKUČKA Petr KOHOUTEK Jiří PROKEŠ Roman KLÁNOVÁ Jana

Year of publication 2021
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Environmental Science & Technology
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c03575
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c03575
Keywords POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; HISTORICAL EMISSION INVENTORY; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS; LAKE VICTORIAE-WASTE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PCB CONGENERS; ENVIRONMENT
Attached files
Description The Global Monitoring Plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) was established to generate long-term data necessary for evaluating the effectiveness of regulatory measures at a global scale. After a decade of passive air monitoring (2008-2019), MONET is the first network to produce sufficient data for the analysis of long-term temporal trends of POPs in the African atmosphere. This study reports concentrations of 20 POPs (aldrin, chlordane, chlordecone, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan, HBCDD, HCB, HCHs, heptachlor, hexabromobiphenyl, mirex, PBDEs, PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs, PeCB, PFOA, and PFOS) monitored in 9 countries (Congo, Ghana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria, and Sudan). As of January 1, 2019, concentrations were in the following ranges (pg/m(3)): 0.5-37.7 (Sigma 6PCB), 0.006-0.724 (Sigma 17PCDD/F), 0.05-5.5 (Sigma 9PBDE), 0.6-11.3 (BDE 209), 0.1-1.8 (Sigma 3HBCDD), 1.8-138 (Sigma 6DDT), 0.1-24.3 (Sigma(3)endosulfan), 0.6-14.6 (Sigma 4HCH), 9.1-26.4 (HCB), 13.8-18.2 (PeCB). Temporal trends indicate that concentrations of many POPs (PCBs, DDT, HCHs, endosulfan) have declined significantly over the past 10 years, though the rate was slow at some sites. Concentrations of other POPs such as PCDD/Fs and PBDEs have not changed significantly over the past decade and are in fact increasing at some sites, attributed to the prevalence of open burning of waste (particularly e-waste) across Africa. Modeled airflow back-trajectories suggest that the elevated concentrations at some sites are primarily due to sustained local emissions, while the low concentrations measured at Mt. Kenya represent the continental background level and are primarily influenced by long-range transport.
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