The Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio is required for neural crest cell migration and interacts with Dishevelled

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Authors

KRATZER Marie-Claire BECKER Sarah F. S. GRUND Anita MERKS Anne HARNOŠ Jakub BRYJA Vítězslav GIEHL Klaudia KASHEF Jubin BORCHERS Annette

Year of publication 2020
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Development
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://dev.biologists.org/content/147/10/dev186338
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.186338
Keywords GEF Trio; Neural crest cell migration; Xenopus; Dishevelled; Rho GTPases; Cadherin-11
Description Directional migration during embryogenesis and tumor progression faces the challenge that numerous external signals need to converge to precisely control cell movement. The Rho guanine exchange factor (GEF) Trio is especially well suited to relay signals, as it features distinct catalytic domains to activate Rho GTPases. Here, we show that Trio is required for Xenopus cranial neural crest (NC) cell migration and cartilage formation. Trio cell-autonomously controls protrusion formation of NC cells and Trio morphant NC cells show a blebbing phenotype. Interestingly, the Trio GEF2 domain is sufficient to rescue protrusion formation and migration of Trio morphant NC cells. We show that this domain interacts with the DEP/C-terminus of Dishevelled (DVL). DVL - but not a deletion construct lacking the DEP domain - is able to rescue protrusion formation and migration of Trio morphant NC cells. This is likely mediated by activation of Reel, as we find that DVL rescues Rac1 activity in Trio morphant embryos. Thus, our data provide evidence for a novel signaling pathway, whereby Trio controls protrusion formation of cranial NC cells by interacting with DVL to activate Rac1.
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